Inflammatory diseases of the large intestine are called colitis. The most well-known type is ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis is similar to many diseases. The patient’s clinic, laboratory, endoscopic examination and biopsy, radiological examinations and histopathological examination should be evaluated together in the differential diagnosis of diseases. Infections of the small intestine and large intestine, AIDS, intestinal parasites, inflammation of the intestinal pockets called diverticulum caused by intestinal herniation (diverticulitis), radiation colitis due to radiation used in the treatment of cancer patients, antibiotics used in many diseases, some rheumatism drugs, some rheumatic diseases such as ulcerative colitis they cause diseases.
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of unknown cause, which causes chronic inflammatory changes in the intestines and causes relapses with many factors such as stress, distress, smoking, infections. The incidence of the disease is almost equal in men and women, and it is mostly seen between the ages of 15-30. In addition, the disease shows genetic transmission, the incidence of the disease increases in close relatives and children of sick parents.
What are the symptoms of colitis?
The disease begins in the rectum at the lowest part of the large intestine and shows upward mucosal and submocosal effects. In the intestines, it shows more superficial effects. Colitis is mostly confined to the large intestines. Sometimes the disease affects all layers of the intestine, causing intestinal perforation, fistulas and abscesses. The disease occurs in mild, moderate and severe forms. Cramp-like abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea with mucus, tenesm (feeling of incomplete evacuation), moderate and severe forms of the disease also cause nausea, vomiting, fever, weight loss and loss of appetite.
How should the patient be fed during colitis?
In the exacerbation period of colitis, the foods that the patient should take daily can be given intravenously in the form of ready-made solutions, so that the intestine can be rested, but this method allows the regression of the acute inflammatory condition, but if it is long-term, its usefulness is controversial.